Selected Oral Drug Doses
|
| Generic Name (Trade name) |
Therapeutic Category |
Preparation
|
Usual Adult Dose/Comments |
Central Nervous System |
Sedatives |
| Alprazolam (Xanax) |
Antianxiety |
Tab: 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg |
0.25-0.5 mg po tid |
| Diazepam (Valium) |
Sedative-hypnotic |
Tab: 2, 5, 10 mg
SR -Cap: 15 mg
Liq: 5 mg/5 ml, 5 mg/ml
|
2-10 mg po bid-qid
SR-Cap: 15 mg po qd |
| Lorazepam (Ativan) |
Sedative-hypnotic |
Tab: 0.5, 1, 2 mg
Liq: 2 mg/ml |
Antianxiety: 0.5-3 mg po bid-tid
Hypnotic: 0.5-4 mg po at hs |
Hypnotics |
| Chloral Hydrate (multiple) |
Sedative-hypnotic |
Cap: 250, 500 mg
Syr: 250, 500 mg/5 ml
Suppos: 324, 500, 648 mg
|
Sedative: 250 mg po tid
Hypnotic: 500-1000 mg po at hs |
| Pentobarbital (Nembutal) |
Hypnotic |
Cap: 50, 100 mg
Elixir: 20 mg/5 ml
Suppos: 30, 60, 120, 200 mg
|
Cap/elixir: Hypnotic: 100 mg qhs
Pre-op: 100 mg pre-procedure
Suppos: 120-200 mg pr qhs
|
| Secobarbital (Seconal) |
Hypnotic |
Cap: 100 mg |
Hypnotic: 100 mg po at hs
Pre-op: 200-300 mg po 1-2h before procedure or surgery |
| Temazepam (Restoril) |
Hypnotic |
Cap: 7.5, 15, 30 mg |
7.5-30 mg po at hs |
| Triazolam (Halcion) |
Hypnotic |
Tab: 0.125, 0.25 mg |
0.125-0.5 mg po at hs |
| Zolpidem (Ambien) |
Hypnotic |
Tab: 5, 10 mg |
2.5-10 mg po at hs |
Narcotic
Analgesics |
| Codeine (multiple) |
Opiate analgesic |
Tab: 15, 30, 60 mg |
15-60 mg po q3-6h prn |
| Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) |
Opioid analgesic |
Tab: 1, 2, 3, 4, mg
Liq: 1 mg/ml |
1-2 mg po q4-6h prn titrating dose to severity of pain |
| Meperidine (Demerol) |
Opioid analgesic |
Tab: 50, 100 mg
Syr: 50 mg/5 ml |
50-150 mg po q3-4h prn |
| Methadone (Dolophine) |
Opioid analgesic |
Tab: 5, 10 mg
Liq: 5, 10 mg/5 ml, 10 mg/ml, 10 mg/10 ml |
2.5-10 mg po q3-4h prn |
Morphine
Morphine sustained-release (MS-Contin, Kadian, Oramorph-SR, |
Opiate analgesic |
Tab: 15, 30 mg
Liq: 2, 4, 20 mg/ml, 10, 20 mg/5 ml
SR-tab: 15, 30, 60, 100, 200 mg
SR-cap: 20, 50, 100 mg
Suppos: 5, 10, 20, 30 mg
|
Tab/liq/suppos: 10-30 mg po q4h prn
SR-tab: 15-30 mg po q12h initially, then adjust dose and interval according
to the requirements of individual patient
SR-cap: 20 mg po qd initially, then adjust dose and interval according to
the requirements of individual patient
|
| Oxycodone (multiple) |
Opioid analgesic |
Tab: 5 mg
Liq: 5 mg/5 ml, 20 mg/ml |
10-30 mg po q4h prn |
| Percocet (oxycodone HCl, acetaminophen) |
Analgesic |
Tab:
Oxycodone HCl 5 mg, acetaminophen 325 mg |
1 tab po q6h prn pain |
| Percodan (oxycodone HCl, oxycodone terephthalate, aspirin) |
Analgesic |
Tab:
Oxycodone HCl 5 mg, oxycodone terephthalate 0.038 mg, aspirin 325 mg |
1 tab po q6h prn pain |
Nonnarcotic
Analgesics |
| Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) |
NSAID |
Tab: 200, 300, 400, 600, 800 mg
Susp: 100 mg/5 ml |
Analgesia: 200-600 mg po qid
Arthritis: 300-800 mg po tid-qid |
| Indomethacin (Indocin) |
NSAID |
Cap: 25, 50 mg
Susp: 25 mg/5 ml
Suppos: 50 mg
|
25-50 mg po bid-qid |
| Ketorolac (Toradol) |
NSAID |
Tab: 10 mg |
Indicated only as continuation therapy to parenteral ketorolac; maximum combined
duration of use (parenteral and oral) 5d
10 mg po q6h not to exceed 40 mg/d |
| Tylenol with codeine acetaminophen, codeine) |
Analgesic |
Tab:
Tylenol #2:
Acetaminophen 300 mg, codeine 15 mg
Tylenol #3:
Acetaminophen 300 mg, codeine 30 mg
Tylenol #4:
Acetaminophen 300 mg, codeine 60 mg
Elixir (per 5 ml):
Acetaminophen 120 mg, codeine 12 mg
|
Tylenol #2: 2-3 tabs po q4h prn pain
Tylenol #3: 1-2 tabs po q4h prn pain
Tylenol #4: 1 tabs po q4h prn pain
Elixir: 15 ml po q4h prn pain
|
| Trilisate (choline magnesium salicylate, magnesium salicylate) |
NSAID |
Tab:
500 mg tablet:
Choline salicylate 293 mg, magnesium salicylate 362 mg
750 mg tablet:
Choline salicylate 400 mg, magnesium salicylate 544 mg
1000 mg tablet:
Choline salicylate 587 mg, magnesium salicylate 725 mg
Liq:
500 mg/5 ml:
Choline salicylate 293 mg, magnesium salicylate 362 mg
|
1000-1500 mg po bid or 3000 mg po qhs |
Anticonvulsants |
| Carbamazepine (Tegretol) |
Anticonvulsant |
Tab: 100, 200 mg
Susp: 100 mg/5 ml |
200 mg po qid up to 1200 mg/d
Adjusting dose monitoring serum concentrations |
| Divalproex (Depakote) |
Anticonvulsant |
SR-tab: 125, 250, 500 mg
SR-Cap: 125 mg sprinkle caps |
125-500 mg po qid
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations |
| Felbamate (Felbatol) |
Anticonvulsant |
Tab: 400, 600 mg
Susp: 120 mg/ml |
1200 mg/d in 3-4 divided doses up to 3600 mg/d |
| Gabapentin (Neurontin) |
Anticonvulsant |
Cap: 100, 300, 400 mg |
300 mg po on day 1, 300 mg po bid on day 2, 300 mg po tid on day 3, up to 1800
mg/d divided tid |
| Lamotragine (Lamictal) |
Anticonvulsant |
Tab: 25, 50, 150, 200 mg |
Patients on enzyme inducing agents but not valproate: 50 mg po qd for 2 weeks,
then 50 mg po bid for 2 weeks, then 300-500 mg/d divided bid
Patients on enzyme inducing agents or valproate: 25 mg po qod for 2 weeks, then 25 mg po qd for 2 weeks, then 100-150
mg/d divided bid |
| Phenobarbital (multiple) |
Anticonvulsant, sedative |
Tab: 15, 30, 60, 100 mg
Elixir: 15, 20 mg/5 ml |
Sedative: 30-100 mg/d divided in 3 doses
Hypnotic: 30-200 mg po at hs
Anticonvulsant: 30-200 mg/d in single or divided doses;
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations
|
| Phenytoin (Dilantin) |
Anticonvulsant |
Cap: 30, 100 mg
Tab: 50 mg
Susp: 25 mg/ml
|
100 mg po tid
Only the Dilantin brand of phenytoin sodium may be given in a single daily
dose
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations
|
Primidone (Mysoline)
|
Anticonvulsant |
Tab: 50, 250 mg
Susp: 250 mg/5 ml |
250 mg po tid
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations |
| Topiramate (Topamax) |
Anticonvulsant |
Tab: 25, 100, 200 mg |
200 mg po bid |
| Valproic acid (Depakene) |
Anticonvulsant |
Cap: 250 mg
Syr: 250 mg/5 ml |
15 mg/kg/day divided bid-tid to maximum 60 mg/kg/d
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations |
Antidepressants |
| Doxepin (Sinequan) |
Antidepressant |
Cap: 10,25, 50, 75, 100, 150 mg
Liq: 10 mg/ml |
25-150 mg po qd |
| Nortriptyline (Pamelor) |
Antidepressant |
Cap: 10, 25, 50, 75 mg
Liq: 10 mg/5 ml |
25 mg po tid-qid
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations |
| Fluoxetine (Prozac) |
Antidepressant |
Cap: 10, 20 mg
Liq: 20 mg/5ml |
20-80 mg/d in 1 or 2 doses |
| Paroxetine (Paxil) |
Antidepressant |
Tab: 10, 20, 30, 40 mg |
20-50 mg po qd |
| Sertraline (Zoloft) |
Antidepressant |
Tab: 50, 100 mg |
25-100 mg po qAM |
| Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Ritalin-SR) |
Antidepressant |
Tab: 5, 10, 20 mg
SR-tab: 20 mg |
Tab: 5-60 mg/d in 1 to 3 doses with the last dose given before 6PM
Ritalin-SR: May be used in place of methylphenidate tablets when the 8h
dosage of Ritalin-SR corresponds to the titrated dose of methylphenidate
Ritalin-SR must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed
|
Neuroleptics |
| Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) |
Antipsychotic |
Tab: 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg
Syr: 2 mg/ml
Liquid conc: 30, 100 mg/ml
SR-cap: 30, 75, 150, 200, 300 mg
Suppos: 25, 100 mg
|
Psychosis: 10-25 mg po tid up to 1-2 g/d
Hiccups: 25-50 mg po tid-qid |
| Haloperidol (Haldol) |
Antipsychotic |
Tab: 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 mg
Liq: 2, 5 mg/ml |
0.5-5 mg po bid-tid |
| Olanzapine (Zyprexa) |
Antipsychotic |
Tab: 5, 7.5, 10 mg |
5-15 mg po qd |
Antiparkinson |
| Amantadine (Symmetrel) |
Antiparkinsonian, antiviral |
Cap: 100 mg
Syr: 50 mg/5 ml |
Influenza: 200 mg po qd or 100 mg po bid |
Cardiology |
Antihypertensives |
Calcium Channel Blockers |
| Amlodipine (Norvasc) |
Antihypertensive, antianginal |
Tab: 2.5, 5, 10 mg |
HTN: 2.5-5 mg po qd
Angina: 5-10 mg po qd |
| Diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor) |
Antihypertensive, antianginal |
Tab: 30, 60, 90, 120 mg
SR- cap:
Cardizem SR 60, 90, 120 mg
Cardizem CD 120, 180, 240, 300 mg
Dilacor XR 120, 180, 240 mg
|
Tab: 30-90 mg po qid
Cardizem SR: 60-120 mg po bid up to 360 mg/d
Cardizem CD: 120-480 mg po qd
Dilacor XR:120-480 mg po qd
|
Nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia)
Nifedipine sustained release (Adalat CC, Procardia XL) |
Antihypertensive, antianginal |
Cap: 10, 20 mg
SR-tab: 30, 60, 90 mg |
Cap: 10-30 mg po tid
SR-tab: 30-90 mg po qd |
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin)
Verapamil sustained release (Calan-SR, Isoptin-SR) |
Antihypertensive, antianginal |
Tab: 40, 80, 120 mg
SR-tab/cap: 120, 180, 240 mg |
Tab: 20-120 mg po qid
SR-tab: 120 mg po qd up to 240 mg po q12h |
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers |
| Atenolol (Tenormin) |
Antihypertensive, antianginal |
Tab: 25, 50, 100 mg |
HTN, angina: 25-100 mg po qd
Post myocardial infarction: 50 mg po after last IV dose, 50 mg po 12h later, then 50 mg po bid for 6-9 days or
until discharge from the hospital |
| Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate) |
Antihypertensive |
Tab: 100, 200, 300 mg |
100-400 mg po bid |
| Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL) |
Antihypertensive, antianginal |
Tab: 50, 100 mg
SR-tab: 50, 100, 200 mg (equal to 47.5, 95, 190 mg of metoprolol) |
Tab: 25-200 mg po bid
SR-tab: 50-100 mg po qd |
| Propranolol (Inderal, Inderal LA) |
Antihypertensive, antianginal |
Tab: 10, 20, 30, 40, 80, 90 mg
SR-cap: 60, 80, 120, 160 mg
Liq: 4, 8, 80 mg/ml
|
Tab/liq: 10-40 mg po tid-qid up to 240 mg/d divided tid-qid
Post-myocardial infarction: 180-240 mg/d divided tid-qid
SR-cap: 60-240 mg po qd
|
ACE Inhibitors |
| Captopril (Capoten) |
Antihypertensive, congestive heart failure, post myocardial infarction |
Tab: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg |
HTN, CHF: 6.25-100 mg po bid-tid
Post myocardial infarction: 6.25 mg initially increasing up to 50 mg po tid |
| Enalapril (Vasotec) |
Antihypertensive, congestive heart failure |
Tab: 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg |
2.5 mg po qd to 20 mg po bid |
| Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) |
Antihypertensive, congestive heart failure |
Tab: 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg |
2.5-40 mg po qd |
Angiotensin II Antagonists |
| Losartan (Cozaar) |
Antihypertensive |
Tab: 25, 50 mg |
25-100 mg po qd
Initial dose for patients on diuretics 25 mg po qd |
Centrally Acting Agents |
| Clonidine (Catapres) |
Antihypertensive |
Tab: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg |
0.1-1.2 mg po bid |
Methyldopa (Aldomet)
|
Antihypertensive |
Tab: 125, 250, 500 mg
Susp: 250 mg/5 ml |
250-500 mg po bid-qid |
Vasodilators |
| Hydralazine (Apresoline) |
Antihypertensive |
Tab: 10, 25, 50, 100 mg |
10-50 mg po qid |
| Minoxidil (Loniten) |
Antihypertensive |
Tab: 2.5, 10 mg |
5-40 mg po qd in single or divided doses bid |
Alpha Adrenergic Blockers |
| Phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline) |
Antihypertensive |
Cap: 10 mg |
10 mg po bid up to 40 mg bid-tid |
| Terazosin (Hytrin) |
Antihypertensive |
Cap: 1, 2, 5, 10 mg |
1-5 mg po qhs |
Antiarrhythmics |
Class Ia |
| Disopyramide (Norpace, Norpace CR) |
Antiarrhythmic |
Cap: 100, 150 mg
SR-cap: 100, 150 mg |
Cap: 100-150 mg po q6h
SR-cap: 100-300 mg po q12h
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations
|
Procainamide (Pronestyl)
Procainamide sustained-release (Procan-SR, Pronestyl-SR) |
Antiarrhythmic |
Tab/cap: 250, 375, 500 mg
SR-tab: 250, 500, 750, 1000 mg |
Cap: up to 50 mg/kg/day in divided doses q3h
SR-tab: 50 mg/kg/day in divided doses q6-12h
Some sustained-release products utilize a wax matrix from which the drug
is slowly leached out as it passes through the GI tract. The expended wax matrix may appear intact in the stool
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations
|
| Quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute) |
Antiarrhythmic |
SR-tab: 324 mg |
324-648 mg to q6-12h
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations
Contains 62% quinidine alkaloid
|
|
Quinidine sulfate (multiple)
Quinidine sulfate sustained-release (Quinidex)
|
Antiarrhythmic |
Tab: 200, 300 mg
SR-tab: 300 mg |
Tab/SR-tab: 200-600 mg po q6-8h
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations
Contains 83% quinidine alkaloid
|
Class Ib |
| Tocainide (Tonocard) |
Antiarrhythmic |
Tab: 400, 600 mg |
400-600 mg po tid |
| Mexiletine (Mexitil) |
Aniarrhythmic |
Cap: 150, 200, 250 mg |
200 mg po q8h with food
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations |
Class III |
| Amiodarone (Cordarone) |
Antiarrhythmic |
Tab: 200 mg |
Loading: 800-1600 mg po qd for 1-3 weeks
Maintenance: 600-800 mg po qd for 1 months, then 200-400 mg po qd |
| Sotalol (Betapace) |
Antiarrhythmic |
Tab: 80, 160, 240 mg |
80-160 mg po bid |
Class V |
| Digoxin (Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps) |
Congestive heart failure, antiarrhythmic |
Tab: 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 mg
Cap: 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 mg
Elixir: 0.05 mg/ml
|
0.125-0.5 mg po qd
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations |
Antianginal
Agents |
| Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil, Sorbitrate, Dilatrate SR) |
Antianginal |
Tab: 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 mg
SL-tab: 2.5, 5, 10 mg
SR-tab/cap: 40 mg
|
Tab: 5-40 mg po q6h
SL-tab: 2.5-10 mg sl q2-3h
SR-tab: 20-80 mg po q8-12h (40 mg tablets are scored and may be broken in
half)
SR-cap: 40-80 mg po q8-12h
|
| Nitroglycerin (Multiple) |
Antianginal |
SL-tab: 0.15, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6 mg
SL-spray: 0.4 mg/dose
SR-cap: 2.5, 6.5, 9, 13 mg
SR-tab: 2.6, 6.5, 9 mg
SR-buccal tab: 1, 2, 3 mg
Top: 2% ointment (NTG 15 mg/in)
Patch: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 mg/h
|
SL-tab: 0.15-0.6 mg under tongue q5min as needed for relief of chest pain
SL-spray: 0.4-0.8 mg on or under tongue q5min as needed for relief of chest
pain
SR-cap: 2.5-9 mg po q8-12h
SR-tab: 1.3-6.5 mg po q8-12h
SR-buccal tab: 1-3 mg dissolved in place on oral mucosa q5h while awake
Top: 0.5-2 in q6-8h
Patch: 0.1-0.6 mg/h patch q24h, removing the patch for a 10-12h nitrate
free period before applying the next patch
|
Diuretics |
Potassium Sparing |
|
|
|
| Amiloride (Midamor) |
Potassium-sparing diuretic |
Tab: 5 mg |
5-10 mg po qd |
| Spironolactone (Aldactone) |
Potassium sparing diuretic |
Tab: 25, 50, 100 mg |
25-100 mg po qd or in divided doses |
| Triamterene (Dyrenium) |
Potassium sparing diuretic |
Cap: 50, 100 mg |
50-100 mg po bid |
| Dyazide (triamterene, hydrochlorothiazide) |
Diuretic, antihypertensive |
Cap:
Triamterene 37.5 mg, hydrochlorothia-zide 25mg |
1-2 cap po qd |
| Maxide (triamterene, hydrochlorothiazide) |
Diuretic, antihypertensive |
Tab:
Maxide-25:
Triamterene 37.5 mg, hydrochlorothia-zide 25mg
Maxide:
Triamterene 75 mg, hydrochlorothia-zide 50 mg
|
Maxide-25: 1-2 tabs po qd
Maxide: 1 tab po qd |
Loop Diuretics |
|
|
|
| Bumetanide (Bumex) |
Loop diuretic |
Tab: 0.5, 1, 2 mg |
0.5-2 mg po qd |
| Furosemide (Lasix) |
Loop diuretic |
Tab: 20, 40, 80 mg
Liq: 10 mg/ml, 40 mg/5 ml |
10-80 mg po bid |
Thiazide Diuretics |
|
|
|
| Hydrochlorothiazide (multiple) |
Thiazide diuretic |
Tab: 25, 50, 100 mg
Liq: 50 mg/5 ml, 100 mg/ml |
25-100 mg po qd |
| Metolazone (Zaroxolyn) |
Thiazide-like diuretic |
Tab: 0.5, 2.5, 5, 10 mg |
2.5-20 mg po qd |
Pulmonary |
Beta Adrenergic Agents |
| Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) |
Bronchodilator |
Tab: 2, 4 mg
SR-tab: 4 mg
Syr: 2 mg/5 ml
|
Tab/syr: 2-4 mg po tid-qid, maximum 8 mg/d
SR-tab: 4-8 mg po q12h
|
| Terbutaline (Brethine, Bricanyl) |
Bronchodilator |
Tab 2.5, 5 mg |
2.5-5 mg po tid |
Phosphodiesterase
Inhibitors |
Theophylline (Elixophyllin, Slo-phyllin, Theolair)
Sustained-release (Slo-Bid, Theo-Dur, Theo-24, Uni-Dur) |
Bronchodilator |
Theophylline
Cap: 100, 200, 300 mg
Tab: 100, 125, 200, 250, 300 mg
Liq: 27 mg/5 ml
SR-tab: 100, 200, 250, 300, 400, 450, 500, 600 mg
SR-cap: 50, 75, 100, 125, 200, 250, 260, 300, 400 mg
|
Initially 300 mg/d; if tolerated, the dose may be increased after 3 days to
400 mg/d; and then if necessary after 3 days to 600 mg/d. Depending on product selected, dosing interval may be
6, 8, or 12h. Dose and interval should be using serum levels. |
Hematopoietic |
Hemostatic
Agents |
| Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) |
Hemostatic |
Tab: 500 mg
Syr: 250 mg/ml |
5 g po during the first hour, then by 1-1.25 g/h for 8 h or until bleeding
is controlled |
| Tranexamic acid (Cyklokapron) |
Hemostatic |
Tab: 500 mg |
25 mg/kg po tid-qid starting 1d before surgery and continued for 2-8d post
surgery |
Antiplatelet
Agents |
| Dipyridamole (Persantine) |
Antiplatelet |
Tab: 25, 50, 75 mg |
25-100 mg po qid |
| Ticlopidine (Ticlid) |
Antiplatelet |
Tab: 250 mg |
250 mg po bid with meals
Contraindicated in patients with liver disease |
Anticoagulants |
| Warfarin (Coumadin) |
Anticoagulant |
Tab: 1, 2, 2.5, 4, 5, 7.5, 10 mg |
10 mg po qd x 3, then individualize dose based on PT or INR results |
Immunosuppressive
Agents |
| Azathioprine (Imuran) |
Immunosuppressant |
Tab: 50 mg |
Organ transplant: Maintenance after IV therapy 1-3 mg/kg/d |
| Cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Neoral) |
Immunosuppressant |
Sandimmune Cap: 25, 50, 100 mg Liq: 100 mg/ml
Neoral Cap: 25, 100 mg Liq: 100 mg/ml
|
15 mg/kg po 4-12h before transplant, then taper to maintenance of 5-10 mg/kg/d
monitoring cyclosporine concentrations |
Gastroenterology |
H2-Antagonists |
| Cimetidine (Tagamet) |
H2-antagonist |
Tab: 100, 200, 300, 400, 800 mg
Liq: 300 mg/5 ml |
300 mg po qid, 400 mg po bid, or 800 mg po qhs |
| Ranitidine (Zantac) |
H2-antagonist |
Tab: 75, 150, 300 mg
Cap: 150, 300 mg
Syr: 75 mg/5 ml
Effervescent tab: 150 mg
Effervescent granules: 150 mg/packet
|
150 mg po bid or 300 mg po qd |
Proton
Pump Inhibitors |
| Omeprazole (Prilosec) |
Proton pump inhibitor |
SR-cap: 20 mg |
20 mg po qd up to 80 mg/d divided bid |
Miscellaneous Agents |
| Sucralfate (Carafate) |
Antiulcer |
Tab: 1 g
Susp: 1 g/10 ml |
1 g po qid on empty stomach |
Promotility
Agents |
|
|
|
| Cisapride (Propulsid) |
GI motility |
Tab: 10, 20 mg
Susp: 5 mg/ 5 ml |
10-20 mg po qid |
| Metoclopramide (Reglan) |
GI motility, antiemetic |
Tab: 5, 10 mg
Syr: 5 mg/5 ml |
5-15 mg po qid |
Antiemetics |
| Granisetron (Kytril) |
Antiemetic |
Tab: 1.12 mg (1 mg as the base) |
1 mg po bid, with the first dose given up to 1h before highly emetogenic chemotherapy,
and the 2nd dose given 12h after the first dose |
| Ondansetron (Zofran) |
Antiemetic |
Tab: 4, 8 mg |
Administer first dose (4-8 mg) 30 minutes before start of chemotherapy, with
subsequent doses 4h and 8h after first dose, then 4-8 mg po tid for 1-2d after completion of chemotherapy |
| Prochlorperazine (Compazine) |
Antiemetic |
Tab: 5, 10, 25 mg
Syr: 5 mg/5 ml
SR-cap: 10, 15, 30 mg
Suppos: 2.5, 5, 25 mg
|
Tab/syr: 5-10 mg po tid-qid
SR-cap: 10-30 mg po q12h
Suppos: 25 mg PR q12h
|
| Promethazine (Phenergan) |
Antiemetic |
Tab: 12.5, 25, 50 mg
Syr: 6.25, 25 mg/5 ml
Suppos: 12.5, 25, 50 mg
|
Tab/syr/suppos: 12.5-50 mg PO/PR q4-6h prn |
| Trimethobenzamide (Tigan) |
Antiemetic |
Cap: 100, 250 mg
Suppos: 200 mg |
100-250 mg po tid-qid
Suppos: 200 mg pr tid-qid |
Laxative
Agents |
|
|
|
| Bisacodyl (multiple) |
Laxative |
Tab: 5 mg
Suppos: 10 mg |
PO: 5-15 mg qd prn
PR: 10 mg qd prn |
| Lactulose (Cephulac, Chronulac) |
Laxative |
Syr: 10 g/15 ml |
15-60 ml/dose qd-tid |
| Peri-Colace (casanthranol, docusate) |
Laxative |
Cap:
Casanthranol 30 mg, docusate 100 mg
Syr (per 15 ml):
Casanthranol 30 mg, docusate 60 mg
|
Cap: 1-2 caps po qd
Syr: 15-30 ml po qd |
| Lomotil (diphenoxylate, atropine) |
Antidiarrheal |
Tab:
Diphenoxylate 2.5 mg, atropine 0.025 mg
Liq (per 5 ml):
Diphenoxylate 2.5 mg, atropine 0.025 mg
|
Tab: 2 tabs po qid until control of diarrhea is achieved
Liq: 10 ml po qid until control of diarrhea is achieved |
| Loperamide (Imodium) |
Antidiarrheal |
Cap/tab: 2 mg
Liq: 1 mg/5 ml |
4 mg po initially, then 2 mg po after each loose stool to a maximum of 8 mg/d |
| Opium, tincture, deodorized |
Antidiarrheal |
Lid: 10% (morphine 6 mg/0.6 ml) |
02-0.6 ml qd-qid |
| Paregoric |
Antidiarrheal |
Liq: Morphine 2 mg /5 ml |
5-10 ml po qd-qid |
Antiflatulant
Agents |
| Simethicone (Mylicon, Phazyme, Mylanta Gas) |
Antiflatulant |
Tab: 60, 95 mg
Chewable tab: 40, 80, 125 mg
Gelcap: 62.5, 125 mg
Liq: 40 mg/0.6 ml
|
40-125 mg po qd after meals |
Genitourinary |
Urinary
Antispasmotic Agents |
| Oxybutynin (Ditropan) |
Urinary antispasmodic |
Tab: 5 mg
Syr: 5 mg/5 ml |
5 mg po tid |
Urinary
Analgesic Agents |
| Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) |
Urinary analgesic |
Tab: 100, 200 mg |
100-200 mg po tid |
Renal |
Uricosuric
Agents |
| Allopurinol (Zyloprim) |
Antigout |
Tab: 100, 300 mg |
Mild gout: 200-300 mg po qd
Moderate-severe gout: 400-600 mg po qd |
Electrolytes |
| Bicitra (sodium citrate, citric acid) |
Electrolyte replacement, systemic alkalinizer |
Liq (per 5 ml):
Sodium citrate 500 mg, citric acid 334 mg
(Each 1 ml delivers 1 mEq of Na and the equivalent of 1 mEq of bicarbonate)
|
Systemic alkalinizer: 10-30 ml diluted in 30-90 ml water qid, after meals and
at bedtime, the dose being titrated as needed
Neutralizing buffer: 15-30 ml as a single dose; may be diluted in 15-30 ml water |
|
Phosphate
Potassium
phosphate (K-Phos Original, Neutra-Phos-K)
Potassium and
sodium phosphate (K-Phos M.F., Neutra-Phos)
|
Electrolye replacement |
Potassium
phosphate:
Tab:
K-Phos Original PO4 114 mg (3.7 mmol), K 3.7 mEq
Cap:
Neutra-Phos-K PO4 250 mg (8 mmol), K 14.25 mEq
Potassium and
sodium phosphate:
Cap:
Neutra-Phos PO4 250 mg (8 mmol), K 7.125 mEq, Na 7.125 mEq
Tab:
K-Phos M.F. PO4 125.6 mg (4 mmol), K1.14 mEq, Na 2.9 mEq
|
1 g (228 mg or 7.4 mmol) po qid with meals and at bedtime
Must be thoroughly dissolved in 180-240 ml water |
| Polycitra (sodium citrate, potassium citrate, citric acid) |
Electrolyte replacement, systemic alkalinizer |
Liq (per 5 ml):
Sodium citrate 500 mg, potassium citrate 500 mg, citric acid 334 mg
(Each 1 ml delivers 1 mEq of Na, 1 mEq of K, and the equivalent of 2 mEq
of bicarbonate)
|
Systemic alkalinizer: 10-30 ml diluted in 30-90 ml water qid, after meals and
at bedtime, the dose being titrated as needed
Neutralizing buffer: 15-30 ml as a single dose; may be diluted in 15-30 ml water |
| Potassium chloride (multiple) |
Electrolyte replacement |
SR-tab: 6, 8, 10, 20 mEq
SR-cap: 8, 10 mEq
Liq:
10, 20, 30, 40 mEq/15 ml
Packets: 10, 15, 20, 25 mEq
|
Hypokalemia (treatment or prophylaxis):10-40 mEq po qd-qid, with titration
as needed.
Oral solution and powder must be diluted and stirred in 60-180 ml water
before swallowing; these dosage forms may also be added to orange, tomato, or apple juice
Sustained-release tablets without a wax matrix may be swallowed whole or
broken
Sustained-release capsules may be opened and sprinkled on food
Some sustained-release products utilize a wax matrix from which the drug
is slowly leached out as it passes through the GI tract; the expended wax matrix may appear intact in the stool
|
Potassium
Exchange Resins |
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
|
Potassium removing resin |
Pwd: 10-12 g/heaping teaspoon
Susp: 15 gm/60 ml |
15-60 g po, repeat as necessary to lower serum potassium level |
Endocrine |
| Alendronate (Fosamax) |
Bone stabilizer |
Tab: 10, 40 mg |
Paget's disease: 40 po qd for 6 months |
Glucocorticosteroids |
| Dexamethasone (multiple) |
Corticosteroid |
Tab: 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 2, 4, 6 mg
Elixir: 0.1 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/0.5 ml |
0.75-10 mg po qd-qid depending on condition being treated |
| Hydrocortisone (multiple) |
Corticosteroid |
Tab: 5, 10, 20 mg |
10-240 mg/d depending on disease being treated |
| Methylprednisolone (Medrol) |
Corticosteroid |
Tab: 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 mg |
4-48 mg/d depending on disease being treated |
| Prednisolone (multiple) |
Corticosteroid |
Tab: 5 mg
Syr: 15 mg/5 ml |
5-60 mg/day depending on disease being treated |
| Prednisone (Multiple) |
Corticosteroid |
Tab: 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 50 mg
Liq: 5 mg/5 ml., 5 mg/ml |
5-60 mg/day depending on disease being treated |
Antidiabetic
agents |
| Glyburide (Diabeta, Micronase) |
Hypoglycemic |
Tab: 1.25, 2.5, 5 mg |
Tab: Initial: 1.25-5 mg po qAM with breakfast
Maintenance: 1.25 to 20 mg/d in single or divided doses |
| Metformin (Glucophage) |
Hypoglycemic |
Tab: 500, 850 mg |
500 mg: 500 mg po bid with morning and evening meals up to 2500 mg/d divided
bid
850 mg: 850 mg po qAM with morning meal up to 2550 mg/d divided bid
Should not be used in patients with renal disease or dysfunction and should
be avoided in patients with clinical or laboratory evidence of hepatic disease
|
| Troglitazone (Rezulin) |
Hypoglycemic |
Tab: 200, 400 mg |
400-600 mg po qd |
Thyroid
Replacement |
| Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levothroid) |
Thyroid hormone |
Tab: 25, 50, 75, 88, 100, 112, 125, 137, 150, 175, 200, 300 µg |
Initial dose: 25-50 µg/d increasing to 100-200 µg/d with monitoring
of T4 and TSH levels |
| Liothyronine (Cytomel) |
Thyroid hormone |
Tab: 5, 25, 50 µg |
25 µg initially, increase up to 25-75 µg qd |
Miscellaneous Agents |
| Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) |
Antihistamine, hypnotic |
Cap: 25, 50 mg
Liq: 12.5 mg/5 ml |
25-50 mg po q4-6h prn
Hypnotic: 25-50 mg po at hs |
| Hydroxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril) |
Antihistamine, sedative, antianxiety |
Tab/Cap: 10, 25, 50, 100 mg
Syr: 10 mg/5 ml
Susp: 25 mg/5 ml
|
Pruritis: 25 mg po tid-qid
Sedation/antianxiety: 10-100 mg po qid |
Infectious Disease |
Penicillins |
| Amoxicillin (multiple) |
Antibiotic |
Cap: 250, 500 mg
Tab: 125, 250 mg
Susp: 125, 250 mg/5 ml
|
250-500 mg po tid |
| Augmentin (amoxicillin, clavulanic acid) |
Antibiotic |
Tab:
Amoxicillin 250 mg, clavulanic acid 125 mg
Amoxicillin 500 mg, clavulanic acid 125 mg
Susp (per 5 ml):
Amoxicillin 250 mg, clavulanic acid 62.5 mg
|
Augmentin 250-500 po q8h |
| Ampicillin (multiple) |
Antibiotic |
Cap: 250, 500 mg
Susp: 125, 250, 500 mg/5 ml |
250-500 mg po qid |
| Dicloxacillin (multiple) |
Antibiotic |
Cap: 250, 500 mg
Susp: 62.5 mg/5 ml |
250-500 mg po qid |
| Oxacillin (multiple) |
Antibiotic |
Cap: 250, 500 mg
Susp: 250 mg/5 ml |
500-1000 mg po q4-6h |
| Penicillin VK (multiple) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 125, 250, 500 mg
Susp: 125, 250 mg/5 ml |
250-500 mg po qid |
Cephalosporins |
| Cefixime (Suprax) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 200, 400 mg
Susp: 100 mg/5 ml |
400 mg po qd or 200 mg po bid |
| Cefuroxime (Ceftin) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 125, 250, 500 mg
Susp: 125 mg/5 ml |
125-500 mg po bid |
| Cephalexin (Keflex) |
Antibiotic |
Cap: 250, 500 mg
Tab: 250, 500, 1000 mg
Susp: 125, 250 mg/ 5 ml
|
250-1000 mg po qid |
Macrolides |
| Azithromycin (Zithromax) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 250, 600 mg
Susp: 100 mg/5 ml, 200 mg/5 ml 1 g packs |
500 mg on day one, then 250 mg po qd x 4 d
MAC: 1200 mg q weekly
Capsules should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal,
oral tablets and suspension may be taken with or without food
The 1 g packet should be thoroughly mixed with 60 ml water before administration
|
| Clarithromycin (Biaxin) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 250, 500 mg
Susp: 125, 250 mg/5 ml |
250-500 mg po q12h |
| Erythromycin (multiple) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 250, 500 mg
SR-tab: 250, 333, 500 mg
SR-cap: 250 mg
Susp: 200, 400 mg/5 ml
|
Tab: 250 mg po q6h, 333 mg po q8h, 500 mg po q12h
Susp: 400 mg po q6h, 800 mg po q12h
Legionnaire's disease: 250-1000 mg po qid
|
Quinolone |
|
|
|
| Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 250, 500, 750 mg |
250-750 mg po q12h |
| Levofloxacin (Levaquin) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 250, 500 mg |
250-500 mg po qd
Oral doses should be at least 2h before or after antacids containing magnesium or aluminum, as well as sucralfate,
metal cations such as iron, and multivitamins containing zinc |
Tetracyclines |
|
|
|
| Doxycycline (Vibramycin) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 100 mg
Cap: 50, 100 mg
Syr: 50 mg/5 ml
|
50-100 mg po bid |
| Tetracycline (multiple) |
Antibiotic |
Cap: 250, 500 mg
Syr: 125 mg/5ml |
250-500 mg po qid |
Miscellaneous |
|
|
|
| Bactrim / Septra (sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim) |
Antibiotic |
Tab:
Sulfamethoxazole 400 mg, trimethoprim 80 mg
DS Tab:
Sulfamethoxazole 800 mg, trimethoprim 160 mg
Susp (per 5 ml):
Sulfamethoxazole 200 mg, trimethoprim 40 mg
|
1 Bactrim to 1 Bactrim DS tab (or equivalent susp volume) po q12h
P. carinii pneumonia treatment: 20 mg/kg/d trimethoprim divided q6h
P. carinii pneumonia prophylaxis: 1 DS tablet or 20 ml of susp po q24h
|
| Clindamycin (Cleocin) |
Antibiotic |
Cap: 75, 150, 300 mg
Susp: 75 mg/5 ml |
150-450 mg po q6h |
| Metronidazole (Flagyl) |
Antibiotic |
Tab: 250, 500 mg |
250-500 mg po tid |
| Pyrimethamine (Daraprim) |
Antiparasitic |
Tab: 25 mg |
Toxoplasmosis: 50-75 mg po qd with 1-4 g of sulfadiazine, continued for 1-3
weeks, decrease by 50% and continued for an additional 4-5 weeks |
| Vancomycin (Vancocin) |
Antibiotic |
Cap: 125, 250 mg
Liq: 125, 250 mg/5 ml |
Clostridium difficile: 125
mg po q6h for 7-10d;
Oral solution may be prepared using the injection dosage form |
Antiviral
Agents |
|
|
|
| Acyclovir (Zovirax) |
Antiviral |
Cap: 200 mg
Tab: 400, 800 mg
Susp: 200 mg/5 ml
|
Herpes Simplex
Initial treatment genital herpes: 200 mg po q4h (5x/d)
Herpes Zoster
Acute treatment: 800 mg po q4h (5x/d)
Varicella Zoster: 20 mg/kg (up to 800 mg) po qid x 5d
|
| Famciclovir (Famvir) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 125, 250, 500 mg |
500 mg po q8h for 7d |
| Ganciclovir (Cytovene) |
Antiviral |
Cap: 250 mg |
CMV retinitis maintenance dosing: 1000 mg po tid with food or 500 mg po 6X/d
(q3h while awake) with food |
| Rimantidine (Flumadine) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 100 mg
Syr: 50 mg/5 ml |
Influenza:
Prophylaxis: 100 mg po bid
Treatment: 100 mg po bid starting within 48h of symptoms and continuing
for 7d
|
| Valacyclovir (Valtrex) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 500 mg |
1000 mg po tid for 7d |
Antituberculer
Agents |
| Ethambutol (Myambutol) |
Antituberculous |
Tab: 100, 400 mg |
Initial: 15 mg/kg po qd
Retreatment: 25 mg/kg po qd, after 60 days, decrease to 15 mg/kg po qd |
| Isoniazid (multiple) |
Antituberculous |
Tab: 50, 100, 300 mg
Liq: 50 mg/5 ml |
300 mg po qd |
| Pyrazinamide (Multiple) |
Antituberculous |
Tab: 500 mg |
15-30 mg/kg up to 2 g qd |
| Rifabutin (Mycobutin) |
Antituberculous |
Cap: 150 mg |
300 mg po qd |
| Rifampin (Rifadin) |
Antituberculous |
Cap: 150, 300 mg |
300-600 mg po qd |
Antifungal
Agents |
|
|
|
| Fluconazole (Diflucan) |
Antifungal |
Tab: 50, 100, 150, 200 mg
Susp: 10, 40 mg/ml |
200 mg initially, then by 100 mg po qd |
| Itraconazole (Sporanox) |
Antifungal |
Cap: 200 mg
Liq: 50 mg/5 ml |
Cap: 200-400 mg po qd with meals
Liq: 200-400 mg po qd on empty stomach |
| Ketoconazole (Nizoral) |
Antifungal |
Tab: 200 mg |
200-400 mg po qd |
| Flucytosine (Ancoban) |
Antifungal |
Cap: 250, 500 mg |
50-150 mg/kg/d divided q6h
Adjust dose monitoring serum concentrations |
Antiretroviral
Agents |
| Delavirdine (Rescriptor) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 100 mg |
400 mg po tid on empty stomach |
| Didanosine (Videx) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 25, 50, 100, 150 mg
Pwd: 100, 167, 250, 375 mg |
Tab: < 60 kg: 125 mg po q12h; > 60 kg: 200 mg po q12h
Take 2 tablets at each dose for adequate buffering to prevent degradation
by gastric acid. Chew or crush and disperse 2 tablets in > 1 oz water prior to consumption; take on empty stomach
Pwd: < 60 kg: 167 mg po q12h; > 60 kg: 250 mg po q12h
Dissolve contents of packet in 4 oz water and drink on empty stomach
|
| Lamivudine (Epivir) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 150 mg
Liq: 50 mg/5 ml |
> 50 kg: 150 mg po bid
in combination with zidovudine
< 50 kg: 2 mg/kg po bid in combination with zidovidine |
| Stavudine (Zerit) |
Antiviral |
Cap: 15, 20, 30, 40 mg |
40 mg po q12h |
| Zalcitabine (Hivid) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 0.375, 0.75 mg |
0.375-0.75 mg po tid |
| Zidovudine (Retrovir) |
Antiviral |
Cap: 100, 300 mg
Syr: 50 mg/5 ml |
100 mg po q4h (5-6x/d) |
Protease
Inhibitors |
| Indinavir (Crixivan) |
Antiviral |
Cap: 200, 400 mg |
800 mg po tid on empty stomach or with light low fat meals; drink plenty of
water |
| Nelfinavir (Viracept) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 250 mg
Pwd: 50 mg/g |
750 mg po tid with food |
| Nevaripine (Virammune) |
Antiviral |
Tab: 200 mg |
200 mg po qd x 14d, then 200 mg po bid |
| Ritonavir (Norvir) |
Antiviral |
Cap: 100 mg
Liq: 80 mg/ml |
600 mg po bid |
| Saquinavir (Invarase) |
Antiviral |
Cap: 200 mg |
600 mg po tid within 2h of food and in combination with zidovudine or zalcitabine |
